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Country |
Year |
Number tested |
% infected (1) |
Setting/comments (2) (3) (4) (5) |
Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Belgium |
2003 |
367 |
(35.0-79.1) |
DTC, LTS; serum |
2a, 2b, 8 |
Czech Republic |
2002-03 |
1853 |
52.0 / (29.7) |
LTS, PRI; serum |
3, 4 |
Denmark |
1997 |
602 |
(75-85) |
PRI, DTC; serum |
1, 2 |
Germany |
1998-01 |
675 |
(65.7-82.5) |
DTC, LTS, PRI; saliva, serum |
2, 4, 7 |
Estonia |
2002 |
63 |
(90.5) |
LTS |
3 |
Greece |
2003 |
2058 |
35.8-67.2 / (31.1-82.1) |
DTC, LTS, OHC, PHL; serum |
1, 2, 9 |
Spain |
2003 |
40 |
(59.1) |
Blood samples in blotting paper. Heroin users age 30 or less recruited in community |
29 |
France |
1995-97 |
429 |
(53.2-91) |
PRI, PHL; serum |
5a, 5b, 6, 11 |
Ireland |
1998-99 |
682 |
71.7-81.3 |
PRI; saliva |
2, 4 |
Italy |
2003 |
79160 |
65.1 (42.1-97.2) |
DTC, PRI; saliva, serum; IDUnk |
1 |
Latvia |
2001 |
261 |
(83) |
NSP |
2 |
Lithuania |
2000 |
693 |
79 |
|
2 |
Luxembourg |
1998 |
116 |
37 |
PRI ; saliva |
4 |
Hungary |
2003 |
466 |
10.4-(30.0) |
DTC |
1 |
Netherlands |
1996-00 |
487 |
(47.2-73.3) |
DTC, NSP, LTS |
9, 11 |
Austria |
2003 |
341 |
33.1 / (44.0-51.0) |
DTC, NSP, LTS, ODD; serum |
1a, 1b, 2, 3, 4 |
Poland |
2002 |
165 |
(60.6) |
DTC, STR; serum |
2 |
Portugal |
2003 |
8058 |
44.9-62 |
DTC, therapeutic, outpatient and detoxication units; serum; IDUnk |
10a |
Slovenia |
2002-2003 |
768 |
22.2-(32.5) |
DTC; serum |
1, 2 |
Slovakia |
2002 |
80 |
(32.5) |
DTC; serum |
2 |
Finland |
2002-2003 |
833 |
(11.4-52.0) |
NSP; saliva, serum |
1, 1a, 6 |
Sweden |
1994 |
913 |
(91.1) |
PRI, OHC ; 16% non-participation |
2 |
United Kingdom |
2002-2003 |
5815 |
(19.0-55.0) |
DTC, NSP, LTS, primary care and outreach; saliva |
8, 20, 21 |
Bulgaria |
2001 |
435 |
(60) |
DTC, NSP, LTS, outreach. |
1a |
Romania |
2001 |
1200 |
(51.0) |
DTC |
1 |
Norway |
2004 |
264 |
(68.0) |
NSP, STR; serum |
2 |
Notes: This summary table is meant to give a global overview of HCV prevalence in IDUs in the EU. In this table data are reported for the most recent year available. Data sources for more than one year are used if they clearly improve generalisability (e.g. national data, out-of-treatment data). Prevalence in this table should not be compared with previous versions to follow changes over time, as inclusion of sources may vary according to data availability. For time trends see Tables INF 11-13 in the annex of this statistical bulletin. (1) The figures given in brackets show local estimates (or range of estimates) within the country. (2) Saliva tests for hepatitis C antibodies underestimate prevalence. If test sensitivity is known then figures can be adjusted upwards by dividing prevalence by test sensitivity. Test sensitivity is around 70-90% in older studies and may be up to 90-95% in some recent studies. Figures have not been adjusted. (3) Having health problems is one selection criterion for admission to drug treatment in some countries or cities (Greece, Portugal, Rome), due to long waiting lists or special programmes for infected IDUs, and this may result in upward bias of prevalence. Prevalence from treatment data should therefore be interpreted in combination with non-treatment data. On the other hand, data from Italy and Portugal include non-IDUs and may thus underestimate prevalence in IDUs. (4) IDUnk = IDU not known, prevalence may be too low. (5) ODD = overdose deaths; DTC = drug treatment centres; NSP = needle exchanges; LTS = low-threshold services; PHL = public health laboratories; OHC = other hospital or clinics; PRI = prisons; STR = street; OTH = other. Sources: See [Table INF-11] | |||||