Please note that this page is a static copy of a previously published web page and is no longer actively maintained.
Be aware that the information contained here may be out-of-date.
For the most recent information, we recommend visiting the main website of the EMCDDA.
Caution is required regarding small percentages and changes: percentages quoted without a decimal place implies that a 1% change represents anything between 0.5% and 1.4%.
1: In Bulgaria and Cyprus, changes from 1999 (not 1995).
See 'General notes for interpreting data' on the Explanatory notes and help page.
ESPAD
Page last updated: Wednesday, 21 November 2007