Please note that this page is a static copy of a previously published web page and is no longer actively maintained.
Be aware that the information contained here may be out-of-date.
For the most recent information, we recommend visiting the main website of the EMCDDA.
The graphic shows the estimated or reported number of opioid maintenance clients as a proportion of the number of problem opioid users, estimated by various methods, in each country with available data.
The symbol indicates a point estimate, a bar indicates an uncertainty interval.
Based on countries' estimates of problem opiate use (POU), estimates or estimates of problem drug use and injecting drug use, where case definitions in the country's estimates correspond to POU.
Malta: data are for 2005. Case definition used is 'daily heroin users'.
Norway: estimate of IDUs is for 2005 and based on mortality multiplier method (drug-related deaths data in Norway shows 96 % of deaths are opioid-related.)
Finland and Slovakia: data are for 2005.
Germany: Mid-point based on average mid-points from three POU estimation studies in 2006, range indicates lowest minimum and highest maximum number from the three studies.
See the data on number of clients in substitution treatment in 2005 and 2006 in Table HSR-3. The problem opioid use estimates can be found in Table PDU-2 part (ii) and Figure PDU-1.
See also 'General notes for interpreting data' on the Explanatory notes and help page.
(see the help page for information about formats etc.)
Page last updated: Thursday, 17 July 2008