Table HSR-4. Year of introduction of needle and syringe programmes and types of programmes (NSP) available in 2007

Country						Needle and syringe programmes					Syringe Provision Points
		Year first NSP	Sources	Year first publicly funded	Sources	Specialist agency	Syringe vending machine	Pharmacy based NSPs	Prison based NSPs		Fixed location	SPPs serviced by outreach workers	SPPs serviced by van or other vehicle
Belgium (Flemish Community)		2001	3	2001	3	Yes	No	Yes	No		Yes	Yes	No
Belgium (French Community)		1994	3	2000	3	Yes	No	Yes	No		Yes	Yes	No
Bulgaria		1995	3	1999	3	Yes	No	No	No		Yes	Yes	Yes
Czech Republic		1986	8	1991	8	Yes	No	No	No		Yes	Yes	Yes
Denmark		1986	3	1986	3		Yes	Yes	No		No	Yes	No
Germany		1984	4	1992	1	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Estonia		1997	3	2001	3	Yes	No	No	No		Yes	Yes	Yes
Ireland		1989	2	1989	3	Yes	No	No	No		Yes	Yes	Yes
Greece		1998	3	1998	3	Yes	No	Yes	No		Yes	Yes	Yes
Spain		1985	3	1985	3	Yes	No	Yes	Yes		Yes	Yes	Yes
France	(1)	1989	3	1995	3	Yes	Yes	Yes	No		Yes	Yes	Yes
Italy		1990	3	1990	3	Yes	Yes	No	No		Yes	Yes	Yes
Cyprus		2007	1			Yes	No	No	No		Yes	No	No
Latvia		1997	3	1997	3	Yes	No	No	No		Yes	Yes	Yes
Lithuania		1997	3	1997	7	Yes	No	No	No		Yes	Yes	Yes
Luxembourg		1993	3	1993	3	Yes	Yes	No	Yes		Yes	No	No
Hungary		1994	3	2000	3	Yes	Yes	No	No		Yes	Yes	Yes
Malta		1987	3	1987	5	Yes	No	No	No		Yes	No	No
Netherlands		1984	6	1986	3	Yes	No	Yes	No		Yes		Yes
Austria		1990	3	1990	3	Yes	Yes	Yes	No		Yes	Yes	Yes
Poland		1989	3	1989	3	Yes	No	No	No		Yes	Yes	No
Portugal		1993	3	1993	3	Yes	No	Yes	Yes		Yes	Yes	Yes
Romania	(3)	2000	1	2000	1	Yes	No	No	Yes		Yes	Yes	Yes
Slovenia		1992	3	1996	3	Yes	No	Yes	No		Yes	Yes	Yes
Slovakia		1994	3	1994	3	Yes	No	No	No		Yes	Yes	Yes
Finland		1997	3	1997	3	Yes	No	No	No		Yes	Yes	Yes
Sweden		1986	3	1986	3	No	No	No	No		Yes	No	No
U. K. (England&Wales)		1986	3	1987	3	Yes	No	Yes	No		Yes	Yes	Yes
U. K. (N. Ireland)		2001	1	2001	1	No	No	Yes	No		No	Yes	Yes
U. K. (Scotland)		1987	1	1987	1	Yes	No	Yes	No		Yes	Yes	Yes
Croatia				1996	1	Yes	No	Yes	No		Yes	Yes	Yes
Turkey	(2)
Norway		1988	3	1988	3	Yes	No	No	No		Yes	No	No

Notes:

 NSP: needle and syringe programme. 

 SPP: syringe provision points. The term is used to describe physically distinct outlets managed by specialist drugs or medical agencies where syringes can be obtained for free, against payment or in exchange against used ones. 

 Where data are not available, the table entry is left empty.               

 (1) For France, Circulaire DGS 05 May 1992 allowed a pilot study of NSPs, but full implementation only after 1995.           

 (2) There are currently no NSPs in Turkey.     

 (3) A prison NSP started in Jilava Penitentiary in June 2008, personal communication K. Ionescu, 26/03/2009. 

 See also 'General notes for interpreting data' on the Explanatory notes and help page.   

Sources:

 Standard Tables on 'syringe availability' (ST10), submitted by NFPs in 2008.     

 (1) Reitox National Reports 2007.     

 (2) Standard tables on 'syringe availability' (ST10), submitted by NFPs in 2004 and 2006.     

 (3) Structured questionnaire 23 'Prevention of infectious diseases', submitted by NFPs in 2004.     

 (4) Personal communication, H. Stöver, 31.1.2005.     

 (5) Personal communication, M. Camilleri, 14.2.2005.     

 (6) Coutinho, R. (1995), American Journal of Public Health 85, 1490-1.     

 (7) Personal communication E. Subata, 28.2.2005.     

 (8) Personal communication, B. Korcisova, 9.3.2005.     

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