Table DUP-4. Prevalence of injecting drug use within prison among prisoners, 2000–08

Country	Year	Source/Reference (1)	Definition and methodological comments (2)	Drug used
				(and if any: restriction on base population)		% IDU
Belgium	2006	2	Persons reporting lifetime injecting drug use within prison. Comment: national survey in all the 32 Belgian prisons in a representative sample of 10% of adult prisoners, including remanded, sentenced and mentally disordered prisoners, both males and females (n= 902).	any illicit drug		4
	2003	3	Persons reporting injecting drug use during the last incarceration. Comment: survey in a random sample of 10 prisons (over a total of 38) among on remand, convicted and social defence (psychiatric cases) prisoners (n= 886).	any illicit drug		2
Bulgaria	2006	1	Persons registered (in the judicial and medical files) as injecting drug users in prison (self-report). Comment: national survey in 17 prisons among on remand detainees (n= 2562).	any illicit drug		8
				heroin		8
Germany	2007	1	Persons reporting lifetime injecting drug use in prison. Comment: survey in 6 prisons in 3/16 federal states in a quota sample of on remand and convicted prisoners (n= 1457).	any illicit drug		22
Spain	2006	1	Persons reporting injecting drug use within the last 30 days inside prison. Comment: nationwide survey in 66 prisons in a random sample of prisoners (n= 4934) (women overrepresented).	any illicit drug		3
Latvia	2003	1	Persons reporting lifetime injecting drug use in prison. Comment: national survey in 11 (out of 15) prisons with at least 100 convicted persons (n= 2867).	any illicit drug		10
Luxembourg	2005	1	Lifetime intravenous drug users within prison (based on self-reports) Comment: nationwide cross-sectional survey in 2 state prisons amongst the total population of prisoners (n= 246).	any illicit drug		31
Hungary	2008	1	Persons reporting lifetime injecting drug use in prison. Comment: national cross-sectional survey in 22 prisons amongst a proportional random sample of adult both males and females convicted prisoners of Hungarian citizenship (n= 503)	any illicit drug		0.7
	2008	1	Persons reporting injecting drug use within the last year in prison. Comment: national cross-sectional survey in 22 prisons amongst a proportional random sample of adult both males and females convicted prisoners of Hungarian citizenship (n= 503)	any illicit drug		0.2
	2004	2	Persons reporting injecting drug use in prison. Comment: national survey in 11 prisons amongst a proportional random sample of adult male convicted prisoners of Hungarian citizenship (n= 609).	any illicit drug (adult males)		1
Poland	2001	2	Persons reporting lifetime injecting drug use in prison. Comment: nationwide survey (38 prisons) in a random sample of on remand and convicted adult male prisoners (n= 1189)	any illicit drug (adult males)		3
Portugal	2007	1	Persons reporting lifetime injecting drug use in prison. Comment: nationwide survey (44 prisons) in a random sample of on remand and convicted prisoners (n= 1986).	Cocaine		2
				Heroin		2
	2001	2	Persons reporting lifetime injecting drug use in prison. Comment: nationwide survey (47 prisons) in a random sample of on remand and convicted prisoners (n= 2057).	any illicit drug		11
United Kingdom (England)	2004-2005	1	Women reporting injecting drug use in prison. Comment: survey in 2 remand prisons for women among all new receptions during certain pre-defined periods (n= 505).	any illicit drug (females)		7
	2001	2	Women reporting having injected drugs within prison only. Comment: national survey of female prisoners on remand and convicted in 10 prisons (n= 301). (from Borrill et al., 2003a).	any illicit drug (females)		1
United Kingdom (England and Wales)	2001-2002	4	Persons reporting reporting injecting drug use in the current prison. Comment: survey in 31 prisons in a representative sample of male and female remanded and sentenced prisoners (n= 2266).	any illicit drug		1
United Kingdom (Scotland)	2008	11	Persons reporting injecting drug use in the last month during the current imprisonment. Comment: nationwide survey among all prisoners (n= 4318).	any illicit drug		3
	2007	12	Persons reporting injected drug use in the last month during the current imprisonment. Comment: nationwide survey among all prisoners (n= 4692).	any illicit drug		2
	2006	13	Persons reporting injected drug use in the llast month during the current imprisonment. Comment: nationwide survey among all prisoners (n= 4778).	any illicit drug		3
	2005	14	Persons reporting injected drug use in the last month during the current imprisonment. Comment: nationwide survey among all prisoners (n= 4831).	any illicit drug		3
	2004	15	Persons reporting injected drug use in the last month during the current imprisonment. Comment: nationwide survey among all prisoners (n= 4793).	any illicit drug		5
	2003	16	Persons reporting having ever injected drugs during the current imprisonment. Comment: national survey in 16 prisons among all prisoners available at the time of the survey (n= 4741).	any illicit drug		11

Notes:

 (2) Caution should be applied when considering that a survey is said to be 'national' as this refers to its intended geographical coverage, but does not mean it is necessarily representative of the national situation, which would depend on any sampling procedures adopted. Note that the size of the prison population surveyed is not available for most of the studies displayed in this table, and sample sizes reflect different proportions of the population in different countries. 

Sources:

 (1) For access to sources and bibliographic references, refer to Table DUP-0.  

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