Table PDU-1. Estimates of prevalence of problem drug use at national level: summary table, 2003–08, rate per 1000 aged 15–64 [see all tables in this series...]

Part (ii) Injecting drug use

Country	Notes	Year	Central rate/1000 ages 15–64		Lower and Upper rates/1000 ages 15-64 [1]				Estimated Number of users		Lower and upper bound of prevalence estimates [1]				Target group, data sources and estimation methods	Reference
Belgium		:	:		:				:		:				:	:
Bulgaria		:	:		:				:		:				:	:
Czech Republic	1	2008	4.2		4.1	-	4.4		31200		30000	-	32400		Current opioid and stimulant injectors. Low-threshold services. Treatment Multiplier.	2
Denmark		2006	3.6		2.8	-	4.7		12754		10066	-	16821		Intravenous drug users. Treatment registry, Drug related deaths. Capture-Recapture.	7
Germany	2 *	2005	n.a.		1.4	-	2.0		94250		78000	-	110500		Heroin users registered by the police. Mortality multiplier.	18
Estonia	1 ; 3	2004	15.1		8.9	-	37.1		13886		8132	-	34443		Estonian Police Database. Health Insurance Fund. State HIV Reference Laboratory. Capture-recapture.	1
Ireland		:	:		:				:		:				:	:
Greece	1	2008	1.1		0.9	-	1.3		8148		6882	-	9727		Treatment data. Capture-recapture.	3
Spain		:	:		:				:		:				:	:
France		:	:		:				:		:				:	:
Italy		:	:		:				:		:				:	:
Cyprus	1	2008	0.8		0.6	-	1.1		446		341	-	642		Current opioid and stimulant injectors. Treatment data. Truncated Poisson.	7
Latvia		:	:		:				:		:				:	:
Lithuania		:	:		:				:		:				:	:
Luxembourg		2007	4.6		3.9	-	6.0		1482		1253	-	1919		Current injectors. Drug-related deaths, criminal justice system, drug treatment, infectious diseases registries and methadone programmes. Multi-methods: Treament multiplier, Police multiplier, mortality multiplier, Capture-recapture and Truncated Poisson.	4
Hungary	2	2005	0.6		0.3	-	0.8		3941		2069	-	5813		Treatment and police data. Capture-recapture.	2
Malta		:	:		:				:		:				:	:
Netherlands		:	:		:				:		:				:	:
Austria		:	:		:				:		:				:	:
Poland		:	:		:				:		:				:	:
Portugal	2 *	2005	n.a.		1.5	-	3.0		16425		10950	-	21900		Current injectors. Treatment and mortality data. Mortality and Treatment Multiplier.	5
Romania		:	:		:				:		:				:	:
Slovenia		:	:		:				:		:				:	:
Slovakia	1	2006	4.9		3.5	-	8.9		18841		13732	-	34343		Treatment data. Treatment Multiplier and Nomination tecnhique.	5
Finland		:	:		:				:		:				:
Sweden	2	2007	4.9		n.a.				29513		n.a.				Problem drug users. In-patient treatment centres (hospitals, emergency services), Swedish Prison and Probation Service. Truncated Poisson with Chao's estimator	2
United Kingdom	1	2006-07	3.5		3.4	-	3.7		142650		139365	-	149154		Injecting drug users. Treatment, population density, prison, drug-related deaths, drug offences, police, probation. Capture-recapture, multivariate indicator method.	19
Croatia	1	2008	1.1		0.9	-	1.4		3257		2696	-	4148		Current opiate users. Treatment and mortality data. Mortality Multiplier.	2
Turkey		:	:		:		:		:		:		:		:	:
Norway	4	2007	3.2		2.7	-	3.8		10032		8599	-	12038		Current IDUs. Overdose deaths, death rates from studies. Mortality multiplier.	2

Notes:

 n.a. = not available.                         

 1 - Interval is a 95 % confidence interval.                                 

 2 - Confidence Interval not known.                                 

 3 - Estonia: Original age range of study was 15–44, rates have been adjusted to 15–64.                                 

 4 - Interval is based on a sensitivity analysis.                                 

 * - Central estimate based on average between lower and upper bound of prevalence estimate.                                 

 For further details on methods and data sources/comments see Table PDU-103 and Table PDU-104.                                 

 See also ‘General notes for interpreting data’ on the Explanatory notes and help page                                 

Sources:

 For bibliographic references see Table PDU-0.                                 

 2009 REITOX National Reports - Fonte PDU template                                 

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