Table PDU-1. Estimates of prevalence of problem drug use at national level: Summary Table, 2004–2009, rate per 1000 aged 15–64 [see all tables in this series...]

Part (i) Overall problem drug use

Country	Notes	Year	Central rate/1000 ages 15–64		Lower and Upper rates/1000 ages 15-64 [1]				Estimated number of users		Lower and upper bound of prevalence estimates [1]				Target group, data sources and estimation methods	Reference
Belgium		:	:		:				:		:		:		:	:
Bulgaria		:	:		:				:		:		:		:	:
Czech Republic	1	2009	5.04		4.5	-	5.6		37400		33300	-	41500		Problem opioid and stimulant users. Low-threshold facilities. Treatment Multiplier.	7
Denmark	1	2009	9.12		8.6	-	9.7		33074		31151	-	34997		The target population are clients admitted to treatment for their drug problems over all. The National Patient Register. National Register of Drug Abusers Undergoing Treatment. Capture-recapture.	8
Germany	2	2008	n.a.		3.6	-	4.3		:		196836	-	233743		Problem opioid and stimolant users. National extrapolation from treatment data. Treatment Multiplier.	28;29
Estonia		:	:		:				:		:				:	:
Ireland		:	:		:				:		:				:	:
Greece	1	2009	3.2		2.8	-	3.6		24097		21362	-	27272		Problem drug users. Drug treatment data. Capture-recapture.	3
Spain	1	2008	1.3		1.2	-	1.3		40015		37904	-	42730		Problem opioid users. Drug treatement and surveys data. Treatment Multiplier.	3
France	1 ; 7	2008	n.a.		3.7	-	9.5		:		144000	-	367000		Problem drug users. Health and socio-economic indicators Drug Treatment, Surveys, Criminal justice system, Emergency services, General practitioners, Low-threshold services, Hospitals, Social services, Methadone programmes. Multivariate indicator method, Treatment and Police multiplier.	7 ; 8 ; 9 ; 10
Italy	1	2009	10.0		9.7	-	10.2		393490		382500	-	404500		Problem Stimulant and opiate users. Treatment data. Treatment multiplier.	27
Cyprus	1	2009	2.5		2.1	-	3.0		1398		1182	-	1688		Long term/ regular opioid and/ or cocaine users. Treatment data. Truncated Poisson.	8
Latvia		2006	n.a.		3.1	-	6.2		:		4794	-	9588		Problem drug users. Treatment data. Treatment Multiplier.	4
Lithuania		:	:		:				:		:				:	:
Luxembourg		2007	7.7		6.5	-	9.9		2470		2089	-	3199		Problem drug users. Drug-related deaths, criminal justice system, drug treatment, infectious diseases registries and methadone programmes. Multi-methods: Treament multiplier, Police multiplier, mortality multiplier, Capture-recapture and Truncated Poisson.	4
Hungary	2	2005	3.5		2.8	-	4.2		24204		19333	-	29075		Problem drug users. Data from drug treatment and police records. Capture-recapture.	2
Malta	1 ; 5	2006	5.4		5.1	-	5.6		1606		1541	-	1685		Problem drug users defined as daily heroin users. Treatment data. Capture-recapture.	3
Netherlands		:	:		:				:		:				:	:
Austria	1	2009	4.6		4.4	-	4.7		25777		24867	-	26687		(Poly-) drug use including opiates. Treatment and Police data. Capture-recapture.	9 ; 10 ; 11
Poland	2 ; 6	2005	4.2		3.7	-	4.7		112500		100000	-	125000		Problem drug users. General population survey and Treatment data. Benchmark method.	9
Portugal	2 ; 7	2005	n.a.		4.3	-	7.4		:		30833	-	53240		Problem drug users. Treatment and mortality data. Treatment multiplier and Outreach work teams multiplier.	5
Romania		:	:		:				:		:				:	:
Slovenia		2004	7.8		6.6	-	9.2		10654		9078	-	12593		Problem opioid and stimulant users. Treatment and police data. Capture-recapture.	1
Slovakia	1	2008	2.7		2.1	-	8.5		10519		8182	-	33489		Problem drug users. Low-threshold agencies. Multiplier method.	7
Finland	1 ; 4	2005	4.8		4.2	-	5.5		16600		14500	-	19100		Problem stimulant and opiate users. Hospital data, Criminal Justice, Infectious Diseases data. Capture-recapture.	7
Sweden	2	2007	4.9		n.a.				29513		n.a.				Problem drug users. In-patient treatment centres (hospitals, emergency services), Swedish Prison and Probation Service. Truncated Poisson with Chao's estimator	2
United Kingdom	1	2004-07	10.1		9.9	-	10.8		404884		396267	-	431120		Problem drug users. Treatment, population density, prison, drug-related deaths, drug offences, police, probation. Capture-recapture, multivariate indicator method.	17;19; 21; 23
Croatia		:	:		:				:		:		:		:	:
Turkey		2008	0.5		0.5	:	1.1		25853		21573	-	51456		Problem opiod users. Drug related deaths. Mortality multiplier.	1 ; 2
Norway		:	:		:				:		:				:	:

Notes:

 n.a. = not available.                                 

 1 - Interval is a 95 % confidence interval.                                 

 2 - Confidence Interval not known.                                 

 3 - Interval is based on a sensitivity analysis.                                 

 4 - Finland: the original age range of study was 15–54, the rate was adjusted to ages 15–64.                                 

 5 - Malta: the original age range of the study is 12 to 64 years old.                                 

 6 - Poland: the original age range of the study refers to all ages.                                 

 7- France and Portugal reported more than one estimate for the most recent year. The lowest confidence bound and the highest confidence bound are reported as an indication of the range of possible values. For full details see Table PDU-102  

 For further details on methods and data sources/comments see Table PDU-102 and Table PDU-103.   

 See also ‘General notes for interpreting data’ on the Explanatory notes and help page                                 

Sources:

 For bibliographic references see Table PDU-0                                 

 2010 REITOX National Reports - Fonte PDU template                                 

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