Table PDU-1. Estimates of prevalence of problem drug use at national level: Summary Table, 2004-2009, rate per 1000 aged 15–64 [see all tables in this series...]

Part (ii) Injecting drug use

Country	Notes	Year	Central rate/1000 ages 15–64		Lower and Upper rates/1000 ages 15-64 [1]				Estimated Number of users		Lower and upper bound of prevalence estimates [1]				Target group, data sources and estimation methods	Reference
Belgium		:	:		:				:		:				:	:
Bulgaria		:	:		:				:		:				:	:
Czech Republic	1	2009	4.8		4.6	-	4.9		35300		34200	-	36400		Current opioid and stimulant injectors. Low-threshold services. Treatment Multiplier.	7
Denmark		2006	3.6		2.8	-	4.7		12754		10066	-	16821		Intravenous drug users. Treatment registry, Drug related deaths. Capture-Recapture.	7
Germany	2	2005	n.a.		1.4	-	2.0		:		78000	-	110500		Heroin users registered by the police. Mortality multiplier.	18
Estonia	1 ; 3	2004	15.1		8.9	-	37.1		13886		8132	-	34443		Estonian Police Database. Health Insurance Fund. State HIV Reference Laboratory. Capture-recapture.	1
Ireland		:	:		:				:		:				:	:
Greece	1	2009	1.4		1.2	-	1.7		10658		8999	-	12713		Treatment data. Capture-recapture.	3
Spain		:	:		:				:		:				:	:
France		:	:		:				:		:				:	:
Italy		:	:		:				:		:				:	:
Cyprus	1	2009	0.9		0.7	-	1.2		481		379	-	646		Current opioid and stimulant injectors. Treatment data. Truncated Poisson.	7
Latvia		:	:		:				:		:				:	:
Lithuania		:	:		:				:		:				:	:
Luxembourg		2007	4.6		3.9	-	6.0		1482		1253	-	1919		Current injectors. Drug-related deaths, criminal justice system, drug treatment, infectious diseases registries and methadone programmes. Multi-methods: Treament multiplier, Police multiplier, mortality multiplier, Capture-recapture and Truncated Poisson.	4
Hungary	2	2008-09	0.8		n.a.				5699		n.a.				Treatment and needle/syringe programmes data. Capture-recapture.	4
Malta		:	:		:				:		:				:	:
Netherlands		2008	0.22		0.21	-	0.22		2390		2336	-	2444		Source: Guus Cruts based on proportion of injectors among POU.	:
Austria		:	:		:				:		:				:	:
Poland		:	:		:				:		:				:	:
Portugal	2 ; 5	2005	n.a.		1.5	-	3.0		:		10950	-	21900		Current injectors. Treatment and mortality data. Mortality and Treatment Multiplier.	5
Romania		:	:		:				:		:				:	:
Slovenia		:	:		:				:		:				:	:
Slovakia	1	2006	4.9		3.5	-	8.9		18841		13732	-	34343		Treatment data. Treatment Multiplier and Nomination tecnhique.	5
Finland		:	:		:				:		:				:
Sweden	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:
United Kingdom	1	2004-07	3.7		3.6	-	3.9		147900		143298	-	156017		Opioid & stimulant users (Includes benzodiazepine use in Scotland).Injecting drug users.Treatment, population density, prison, drug-related deaths, drug offences, police, probation. Capture-recapture, multiple indicator (MIM)	17;19;21
Croatia	1	2009	1.1		0.8	-	1.4		3145		2521	-	4167		Ever IDUs. Treatment and mortality data. Mortality Multiplier.	2
Turkey		:	:		:		:		:		:		:		:	:
Norway	4	2008	3.2		2.8	-	3.9		10238		8810	-	12480		Heavy drug users injecting at least once during the calendar year. Overdose deaths, death rates from studies. Mortality multiplier.	2

Notes:

 n.a. = not available.                         

 1 - Interval is a 95 % confidence interval.                                 

 2 - Confidence Interval not known.                                 

 3 - Estonia: Original age range of study was 15–44, rates have been adjusted to 15–64.                                 

 4 - Interval is based on a sensitivity analysis.                                 

 5 - Portugal reported more than one estimate for the most recent year. The lowest confidence bound and the highest confidence bound are reported as an indication of the range of possible values. For full details see Table PDU-102  

 For further details on methods and data sources/comments see Table PDU-103 and Table PDU-104.                                 

 See also ‘General notes for interpreting data’ on the Explanatory notes and help page                                 

Sources:

 For bibliographic references see Table PDU-0.                                 

 2010 REITOX National Reports - Fonte PDU template                                 

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