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Table INF-106. Notified cases of hepatitis B infection among injecting drug users in the EU countries, Croatia and Norway
Part (ii) Case definitions
| Country | Region | Notes | Comments | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reference: | ||||
| Czech Republic | NATIONAL | A | Case definition: A case that is laboratory confirmed - IgM antibody anti-HBc, detection of HBV nucleic acid in serum. Definition and Classification of Cases ECDC TESSy. A; UI ; LC ; HBsAg. | 16 ; 18 ; 21 ; 22 ; 29 ; 30 ; 33 |
| Denmark | NATIONAL | A | Case definition: Clinical symptoms + laboratory confirmed hepatitis B cases. A ; UI ; LC ; HBsAg.'Acute cases. | 10 ; 11 ; 12 ; 13 |
| Germany | NATIONAL | A | Case definition: Clinical Criteria: Any person with at least one of the following three criteria: Jaundice, Elevated serum aminotransferase levels, Abdominal pain. Laboratory Criteria: At least one of the following three criteria: Detection of hepatitis B virus nucleid acid in serum (e.g. PCR), HBs-Ag confirmed (e.g. ELISA) AND HBsAg-NT OR HBsAg positive and anti-HBc positive, anti-HBc-IgM confirmed (e.g. ELISA). Reportable: laboratory and clinical confirmed. A ; LC ; HBsAg. In 2009 No-UI | 21 ; 27 ; 29 ; 33 ; 34 ; 35 ; 36 ; 37 |
| Estonia | NATIONAL | A | EU case definition. Comment to 1.2.14: injecting drug uses are distinguished since the year 2004. A ; UI ; LC ; HBsAg. | 1 ; 6 ; 7 |
| Italy | NATIONAL | A | Case definition: an acute illness compatible with hepatitis and serum alanine transferase levels greater than 10 times the normal value; IgM anti-HBc positive and IgM anti-HAV negative or not reported. A ; UI; LC. | n.a. |
| Latvia | NATIONAL | A | Case definition: ICD-10, B16 A ; UI ; LC ; HBsAg | 3 ; 8 ; 9 ; 13 ; 19 |
| Latvia | NATIONAL | C | Case definition: ICD-10, B18.0, B18.1. C ; UI ; LC ; HBsAg | 13; 19 |
| Lithuania | NATIONAL | A | Case definition: ICD-10, acute hepatitis B - B16.1 and B16.9 A ; LC. | 4 ; 9 ; 15 |
| Luxembourg | NATIONAL | A | Case definition: Self-reported HBV test results. A; UI ; No-LC ; No-HBsAg. | 11 |
| Hungary | NATIONAL | A | Case definition: An illness with discrete date of onset, and (2) jaundince or elevated serum aminotransferase levels greater than 2.5 times the upper limit of normal. Serologic criteria used: HBsAg-positive, or/and anti HBcIgM positive: with IgM antiHAV-negative or not done. A ; UI ; LC ; HBsAg. | 1 ; 6 ; 11 ; 13 ; 14 ; 22 ; 24 |
| Malta | NATIONAL | A | Case definition: IgM antibody to anti-HBc positive. Detection of HBV nucleic acid ins erum. Cases that are HBsAg positive and have clinical pictures compatible with acute hepatitis. (Ref: Decision No. 2119/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council). A ; LC. | 4 ; 6 |
| Malta | NATIONAL | C | Case definition: Positive result for Hepatitis B without any clinical symptoms or signs. C ; LC. | 4 ; 6 |
| Malta | NATIONAL | AC | Case definition: none. AC; UI; LC; HBsAg | |
| Netherlands | NATIONAL | AC | Case definition: Definition of notification until 1999: acute, symptomatic HBV infection. Definition of notification from April 1, 1999: newly diagnosed HBV infection (acute and chronic). AC ; LC. | 23 ; 25 ; 29 ; 32 |
| Netherlands | NATIONAL | A | Case definition: Any person with a discrete onset of symptoms (e.g., fatigue, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, intermittent nausea and vomiting) AND at least one of the following two: Jaundice; Elevated serum aminotransferase AND hepatitis B virus core IgM or HBsAg positive. A ; No-UI ; LC ; HBsAg | 28 ; 37; 38 |
| Netherlands | NATIONAL | C | Case definition: Definition for notification until 1999: acute symptomatic HBV infection; Definition for notification from April 1, 1999: newly diagnosed HBV infection (acute and chronic). In 2009 Case definition: HBsAg positive. 2010: HBsAg positivity diagnosed for the first time in the Netherlands. C; No-UI ; LC ; HBsAg. | 28 ; 29 ; 32 ; 37; 38 |
| Poland | NATIONAL | A | Case definition: Clinical symptoms typical for acute hepatitis or elevated liver function tests confirmed by presence of HBsAg (probable cases) or by HBsAg and anti-HBc IgM (confirmed cases). A ; UI ; LC ; HBsAg . | 14 ; 16 ; 17 ; 19 |
| Poland | NATIONAL | C | Case definition: Chronic confirmed by HBs-Ag presence cases of hepatitis B as reported by clinician and confirmed cases of hepatitis B that did not meet the criteria of acute cases. C ; UI ; LC ; HBsAg. | 14 ; 16 ; 17 ; 19 |
| Slovenia | NATIONAL | A | Case definition: a suspected case which is laboratory confirmed (HBsAg positive or IgM anti HBc positive and IgM anti HAV neg. and anti HCV neg.). A ; UI ; LC ; HBsAg. | 1 |
| Slovakia | NATIONAL | A | Case definition: Positive HBsAg, anti HBV, PCR. A ; LC ; HBsAg; In 2009/2010 no UI | 1 ; 4 ; 8 ; 9 ; 11 |
| Slovakia | NATIONAL | C | Case definition: positive HBsAg, Anti HBV, PCR. C ; No-UI ; LC ; HBsAg. | 11 |
| Finland | NATIONAL | A | Case definition: IgM anti-Hbc positive A ; UI ; LC. | 6 ; 9 |
| Sweden | NATIONAL | A | Case definition: Case of acute HBV infection: HBsAg positive and anti-HBcIgM positive. A ; UI ; LC ; HBsAg. | 3 ; 11 |
| United Kingdom | ENGLAND AND WALES | A ; (1) | Case definition: HBsAg positive and anti-HBc IgM positive and/or with discrete onset of jaundice or other comparable symptoms. A ; UI ; LC. | 23 ; 26 |
| Croatia | NATIONAL | AC | Case definition: Individuals positive for: HBsAg and anti-HBc; anti-HBc and anti-HBs; anti-HBc alone and anti-HBs alone (except HBV vaccinated) . AC ; UI ; LC ; HBsAg. | n.a. |
| Norway | NATIONAL | C | Case definition: Detection of HBsAg and anti-HBc in a case with no indication of acute hepatitis B. C ; UI ; LC ; HBsAg. | 13 ; 14 ; 15 ; 22 ; 24 ; 26 |
| Norway | NATIONAL | A | Case definition: Acute hepatitis B: Clinical picture compatible with acute hepatitis and with an epidemiological link OR clinical picture compatible with acute hepatitis with detection of HBsAg and detection of at least one of the following 4: HBeAg, HBV nucleic acid, antiHbC (IgM or IgG), positiv HBsAg neutralisation test, OR A case of anti-HBc seroconversion within the last 12 months and detection of at least one of the following 3: HBsAg, HBV nucleic acid, antiHBs in the abscence of vacciantion against hepatitis B. A ; UI ; LC ; HBsAg. | 13 ; 14 ; 15 ; 22 ; 24 ; 26 |
| For references see Table INF-0. - Bibliographic References: part B References for Notifications Data | ||||
Notes:
UI - Unique Identifier
LC - laboratory confirmation
HBsAg - HBsAg collected
a - acute cases
c - chronic cases
ac - acute and chronic cases
1 - Data are laboratory reports and not notifications; many reports do not include data on risk factors.
n.a. = not available
For methods and definitions see Methods and Definitions - Drug related infectious diseases
Definitions of notifiable HBV infections differ strongly between countries, underreporting may be large and about 30 % of acute infections are asymptomatic. Therefore numbers should not be interpreted as an estimate of real incidence and they cannot be directly compared. Trends over time and the percent IDUs among all notified cases may be more comparable between countries, although these may also be affected by differences in testing patterns between countries and over time. Data for most recent year(s) may be incomplete due to reporting delay.
The figures in the table should be interpreted in conjunction with the relevant methodological comments.
Sources:
Reitox national focal points.