You are viewing archived content

Please note that this page is a static copy of a previously published web page and is no longer actively maintained.
Be aware that the information contained here may be out-of-date.
For the most recent information, we recommend visiting the main website of the EMCDDA.

Table INF-3. Prevalence of markers for HBV infection among injecting drug users in the EU countries, Croatia, Turkey and Norway, 2010 or most recent year available - Summary table by country

Country or region	% positive aHBc(1)				% positive aHBs(1)				% positive HBsAg(1)
Country or region	Year	Number tested	National samples	Sub-National samples	Year	Number tested	National samples	Sub-National samples	Year	Number tested	National samples	Sub-National samples	Setting/comments (2) (3) (4) (5)	References
Belgium	2010	299	:	0.0 - 56.3	2010	309	:	20.0 - 55.2	2010	310	:	0.0 - 2.8	DTC; serum	22 ; 99 ; 27 ; 28
Bulgaria	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	2010	1248	:	3.1	DTC, NSP, LTS; serum	7a ; 7b ; 7c
Czech Republic	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:
Denmark	2006	186	37.1	:	2004	101	37.0	:	:	:	:	:	ODD; post mortem blood	7
Germany	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:
Estonia	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:
Ireland	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:
Greece	2010	1374	20.4 - 33.1	0.0 - 41.0	2010	1419	34.3 - 40.8	10.0 - 65.0	2010	2005	2.9 - 3.6	0.0 - 12.0	DTC, LTS, PHL, PRI, OTH; serum	1 ; 2 ; 9 ; 18 ; 19
Spain	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:
France	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:
Italy	2009	54991	36.2	8.0-75.1	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	DTC, 533 sites; serum; IDUnk. All markers.	48a ; 48b
Cyprus	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	2010	117	1.7	:	DTC; serum	10 ; 11
Latvia	2007	406	:	55.9	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	NSP; serum	12
Lithuania	2006	526	:	63.9	2006	324	:	54.9	2006	668	:	3.3 – 8.9	HTC, LTS; serum, dried blood spots	5 ; 99
Luxembourg	2005	493	18.4 - 35.9	:	2005	502	54.9 - 75.3	:	2005	255	3.9	:	DTC, NSP, LTS, STI, ANT, OHC, PRI; serum	6
Hungary	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	2009/10	1223	0.7	0.0 - 0.7	DTC, NSP, PRI; dried blood spots, serum	19 ; 20a ; 20b ; 23
Malta	2009/10	195	0.0 - 1.0	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	DTC, STI, HTC, PHL, ANT, OHC; serum	7 ; 8
Netherlands	2010	11	:	27.3	2010	13	:	8.0	2010	28	:	1.0 - 13	DTC; serum	34 ; 35 ; 36
Austria	2010	565	10.5	0.0 - 42.9	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	LTS, DTC, NSP; serum. All markers.	2 ; 4 ; 5 ; 12 ; 13 ; 14
Poland	2009	184	:	26.3 - 56.7	2004	382	:	31.5 - 34.5	2009	186	:	2.5 - 3.8	DTC, LTS, PRI, STR; serum	6 ; 12
Portugal	2010	723	24	:	2010	776	41	:	2009/10	6910	2.0 - 3.4	:	DTC, LTS; serum, dried blood spots	29 ; 30 ; 31
Romania	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	2009	447	:	4.7	STR; dried blood spots	7
Slovenia	2010	245	5.3	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	DTC; serum	5 ; 9
Slovakia	2010	60	:	28.3	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	DTC; serum	12 ; 14
Finland	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:
Sweden	2009	187	:	38.5	:	:	:	:					PRI, serum ; all markers	13
United Kingdom	2010	3288	:	8.5 - 27.8	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	:	DTC, NSP, LTS, PRI, OTH; dried blood spots, saliva or other oral fluid	2 , 3 ; 54 ; 65
Croatia	2007/08	705	24.0	7.5 - 31.4	2007/08	706	15.0	4.7 - 13.2	2010	168	:	2.4	PRI, DTC, NSP, LTS, PHL, HTC; serum	1
Turkey	2010	618	4	:	2008	168	:	42.9	:	:	:	:	DTC; serum; (for 2010 all markers)	3
Norway	2010	169	:	34.3	2010	104	:	44.2	2009	179	:	0.0	NSP, LTS; serum.	16

Notes:

This summary table gives a global overview of prevalence of HBV markers in IDUs in the EU, 2010 or most recent year available. Data for more than one year are combined if they clearly improve generalisability (e.g. national data, out-of-treatment data). Prevalence in this table should not be compared with previous versions to follow changes over time, as inclusion of sources may vary according to data availability. For time trends see Tables INF-114 and INF-115 .

Sample size is mostly equal for the different HBV markers, where this is not the case the smallest sample size is shown.

(1) The figures show estimates (or range of estimates) from national and/or sub-national level samples.

(2) Saliva tests for hepatitis B antibodies underestimate prevalence. If test sensitivity is known then figures can be adjusted upwards by dividing prevalence by test sensitivity. Figures have not been adjusted.

(3) Having health problems is one selection criterion for admission to drug treatment in some countries or cities, due to long waiting lists or special programmes for infected IDUs, and this may result in upward bias of prevalence. Prevalence from treatment data should therefore be interpreted in combination with non-treatment data.

(4) § IDUnk = IDU status not known, prevalence in IDUs is likely to be underestimated.

(5) ODD = Overdose Deaths; DEM = Drug Emergencies; DTC = Drug Treatment Centres; NSP = Needle Exchanges; LTS = Low-Threshold Services; PHL = Public Health Laboratories; STI = STI Clinics; ANT = Antenatal Clinics; OHC = Other Hospital or Clinics; PRI = Prisons; ARR = Arrests; GPS = General Practitioners; HTC = HIV Testing Centres; STR = Street; OTH = Other.

Sources:

See Tables INF-114 and INF-115 and INF-0.

For references see Table INF-0. Bibliographic References-Part A: References for prevalence data

Download spreadsheet version (.xls)