EMCDDA definition for General Mortality Registries (“Selection B” for ICD-9)

“Selection B” is described in the protocol EMCDDA-DRD Standard, version 3.0 (for General Mortality Registries)

Cases are reported by Health authorities of the French and Flemish Communities that collect death certificates filled by physicians. The National Institute of Statistics centralizes the morbidity statistics of the two communities

National Institute of Statistics. General Mortality Registry:. Personal communication (Ad-hoc data extraction for REITOX National Focal Point for the 2002 National Report).

Since 1998, cases will be selected by ICD-10 codes

Cases of death which underlying cause of death is Drug Psychosis, Drug Addiction, Drug Abuse, Accidental Poisoning

The cases are selected according to the ICD-10 codes:

F11-F12, F14-F16, and F19, disorders

Y12, Y11, Poisoning undetermined intent

The combination with T-codes is not possible.

Death certificates filled in by family doctors do not specify the substance even if they have reasonable doubts. Deaths occurring in hospitals are followed by toxicological examination.

Ad hoc data extraction by National Focal Point from General Mortality Registry for the 2006 Reitox National Report

There are difference in number of cases obtained from the General Mortality Registry (40) and from police reports (36) in 2005

From 2005 onwards cases are selected by ICD-10 codes

Deaths due to poisoning caused by psychoactive substances (drugs of abuse and psychoactive medicines).

Selection D of EMCDDA standard definition (drugs of abuse) PLUS deaths due to poisonings by psychoactive medicines

Data collection procedure.

Special semiautomatized electronic registry run by National Focal Point and Society of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology.

Národní monitorovací stredisko pro drogy a drogové závislosti and SSLST CLS JEP (2006) Speciální registr úmrtí spojených s uzíváním drog v r. 2005. Praha: NMS. (Special Mortality Register - Drug-Related Deaths in 2005. Prague: National Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction) Notes: unpublished

In 2005, according to the national definition, 156 cases out of a total of 218 were due to psychoactive medicines

Since the practice in Czech Republic does not allow to include into the GMR any examination newer than 3 days after the death, this registry is not observed for the purposes of drug epidemiology as appropriate.

A death is included in the statistics, if the death is caused by poisoning and also non-overdose deaths, such as for example accidents and suicides. The definition includes deaths due to all forms of narcotic substances.

A death is included in the statistics, if

(2) there is a strong causal relation between use of drugs and death

If no report from autopsy is available, the case is decided on available information of the deceased and circumstances of death.

Cases are reported from forensic institutes to the National Commission of Police.

Of the 275 cases based on the national definition, 202 were due to poisonings.

Deaths following intentional or unintentional overdose.

Deaths as a result of long-term abuse.

Deaths due to suicide resulting from despair about the circumstances of life or the effects of withdrawal symptoms.

Deaths due to fatal accidents suffered by people under the influence of drugs

Cases are reported by local police units that are working jointly with the forensic physicians, to the National Police Department, the Federal Criminal Police Office (BKA) that records the information.

Bundeskriminalamt OA21 (2006). Bundeslagebild Rauschgift 2005. Wiesbaden: Bundekriminalamt.

From 1985 through 1990, the figures only refer to the former West Germany (the old Länder).

Since 1991, the figures refer to the reunited Germany, which includes the old and the new Länder.

Cases according to the EMCDDA definition for General Mortality Registries (“Selection B” for ICD-10 classification)

“Selection B” is described in detail in the protocol EMCDDA-DRD Standard, version 3.0 (for General Mortality Registries)

Drug Situation "Estonia 2006" for the EMCDDA

Deaths due to drug dependence.

Deaths due to poisoning by opiates and related narcotics.

From 2003 onwards,EMCDDA definition for General Mortality Registries (“Selection B” for ICD-9)

“Selection B” is described in the protocol EMCDDA-DRD Standard, version 3.0 (for General Mortality Registries)

Cases are reported by regional registrars of births and deaths, who collect information from doctors, the police, and coroners, to the General Mortality Register at the Central Statistics Office (CSO).

General Mortality Register, Vital Statistics, Central Statistics Office

The increase between 1995 and 1997 is (partly) due to an increased awareness of the need for more accurate information and reporting.

In September 2005, Ireland set up a special register. The first data from this register will be available at the end of 2007. This register will be able to comply with the requirements of EMCDDA selection D

EMCDDA standard definition for Special Registries (“Selection D”)

Deaths caused by the synergic activity of different drugs.

“Selection D” is described in the protocol EMCDDA-DRD Standard, version 3.0 (for Special Registries)

Cases of sudden death are notified to the police who refer the cases to the forensic department for autopsy and toxicology, which notifies the police of the results. Cases are then reported by local police units to Section C of the Directory of Public Security at the Ministry of Public Order (Hellenic Police). Statistics are reported by the National Anti-Drug Coordinative Unit, National Anti-Drug Intelligence Unit, Joint Secretariat.

44 additional reported deaths are still being investigated.

Deaths due to acute reaction following non-medical use of psychoactive substances

From 1985 through 1995: Deaths due to acute reactions following opiate or cocaine consumption.

Since 1996: Deaths due to acute reactions following consumption of any psychoactive drug.

The cases refer to five large cities Barcelona, Bilbao, Madrid, Valencia, and Zaragoza.

Cases are reported by medical pathologists for the Mortality Indicator at the Delegación del Gobierno para el Plan Nacional Sobre Drogas (DGPNSD).

1990 to 1995 State Information System on Drug Abuse (SEIT) Reports.

Deaths due to poisoning by psychoactive medicines are included, but in practice, case definition is an approximation to «Selection D» (only 1 case of difference in 2002)

A small breach of trend took place in 1996 due to a change from reporting only on opiate and cocaine cases to all psychoactive substances.

Deaths due to overdose in the strictest sense of the term.

Deaths occurring directly and immediately after consumption of drugs.

After investigations following suspicious death, which generally include an autopsy and a toxicological analysis, cases are reported by the police and the Gendarmerie to the Office Central pour la Répression du Traffic Illicite de Stupéfiants (OCRTIS) at the Ministry of the Interior.

Office central pour la répression du trafic illicite des stupéfiants (2004) Usage et trafic des produits stupéfiants en France en 2003, OCRTIS, Nanterre

Deaths due to poisoning by psychoactive medicines are included but, in practice, case definition is an approximation to «Selection D» (only 11 cases of difference in 2004)

EMCDDA standard definition for Special Registries (“Selection D”)

Deaths directly attributed to drug misuse (acute intoxication, overdose) and reported by local and special police units to the Central Drugs Directorate.

“Selection D” is described in the protocol EMCDDA-DRD Standard, version 3.0 (for Special Registries)

Cases are reported by local and special police units to the Central Drugs Directorate at the Ministry of the Interior.

Relazione "Annuale 2005" della Direzione Centrale per i Servizi Antidroga - Ministero dell'Interno

EMCDDA standard definition for Special Registries (“Selection D”)

“Selection D” is described in the protocol EMCDDA-DRD Standard, version 3.0 (for Special Registries)

Cases according to the EMCDDA definition for General Mortality Registries (“Selection B” for ICD-10 classification)

“Selection B” is described in detail in the protocol EMCDDA-DRD Standard, version 3.0 (for General Mortality Registries)

Health Statistics and Medical Technologies State Agency; Death Cause Database.

Cases according to the EMCDDA definition for General Mortality Registries (“Selection B” for ICD-10 classification)

Cases codified with X41, X61 and Y11 (with T40 codes) are not included.

“Selection B” is described in detail in the protocol EMCDDA-DRD Standard, version 3.0 (for General Mortality Registries)

Narkotikų kontrolės depertamento prie Lietuvos Respublikos Vyriausybės metinis pranešimas: 2006 / parengė Narkotikų kontrolės depatramentas prie Lietuvos Respublikos Vyriausybės. - Vilnius, 2006.- P. 207.-ISSN 1822-0576

National definition is not officially approved. There are agreement with data providers, that “Drug-related deaths” refers to those deaths that are caused directly by the consumption of drugs of abuse.

In 2005 data there is only one case difference between national definition and selection B (coded as X41 and T43.6)

Deaths caused by acute/direct reaction to the use of illegally acquired high risk consume (HRC) drugs.

Fatal (accidental, intentional or of undetermined intention) intoxication caused by

the use of at least one illicitly acquired drug or

other drug(s) in case the victim has been known as a persistent user of illicitly acquired drugs.

Death is due to the acute pharmacological and or toxicological effects(s) of the consumed substances(s)

All suspected deaths require a judicial enquiry, and after forensic evidence from autopsy, cases are reported by the local police to the Special Drug Section (SDU) of the Judicial Police. Data from the General mortality Registry are used for validation purposes.

Origer,A. (2006): National report on the state of the drugs problem - RELIS2005, NF CES/CRP-Sante Luxembourg.

EMCDDA standard definition for Special Registries (“Selection D”)

Cases of poisoning (where the concentration of the substance is considered to be lethal, based on Clarke’s: Isolation and Identification of Drugs, Pharmaceutical Press, London, 1986.) and cases where there is a casual relationship between the consumption of illegal substance(s) and the death. A toxicological confirmation is required in all cases.

“Selection D” is described in the protocol EMCDDA-DRD Standard, version 3.0 (for Special Registries)

National Statistical Data Collection Programme, data corrected by the Institute of Forensic Medicine

Cases according to the EMCDDA definition for General Mortality Registries (“Selection B” for ICD-10 classification)

“Selection B” is described in detail in the protocol EMCDDA-DRD Standard, version 3.0 (for General Mortality Registries)

National Mortality Registry - Department of Health Information 2005

EMCDDA definition for General Mortality Registries (“Selection B”)

From 1985 through 1995, based on ICD-9

“Selection B” is described in the protocol EMCDDA-DRD Standard, version 3.0 (for General Mortality Registries)

Cases are reported by municipal registrars, who collect information from physicians and coroners, to the Causes of Death Statistics at Statistics Netherlands.

Causes of death statistics, Statistics Netherlands (CBS)

Only persons retrievable in the Dutch population register are included

EMCDDA standard definition for Special Registries (“Selection D”)

“Selection D” is described in the protocol EMCDDA-DRD Standard, version 3.0 (for Special Registries)

Data collection procedure.

Cases are reported by the police and hospitals to the Federal Ministry of Health and Women, which orders and checks the results of forensic examinations.

Suchtgiftbezogene Todesfälle-Statistik; Federal Ministry of Health and Women

Cases selected according to ICD 10 – codes: F11-12, F14-16, F19, X42, X62, Y12, X44, X64, Y14

The additional T codes are not available. Missing X41, X61 and Y11 (with T43.6) and included X44, X64, Y14 (considered to include relevant cases in Poland).

Ad-hoc data extraction from General Mortality Registry for Reitox National Focal Point

A person whose post-mortem toxicological analysis is positive for any illicit drug of abuse (whatever was the cause of death –overdose, traffic accident…-).

The proportion of cases with positive toxicology and information on presumed cause of death suspected to be acute drug-related deaths were: 58% (2005), 51% (2004), 44% (2003), 58% (2002) and 73% (2001)

The cases refer to Lisbon, Oporto and Coimbra regions

Cases are reported to the delegations at the three Forensic Institutes of the Ministry of Justice.

Relatório Anual do IDT - 2005

Due to under-reporting in previous Annual Reports, more cases are reported in the Annual Report since 1995.

Cases according to the EMCDDA definition for General Mortality Registries (“Selection B” for ICD-10 classification)

Drug-related deaths refers to those deaths that are caused directly by the consumption of drugs of abuse

“Selection B” is described in detail in the protocol EMCDDA-DRD Standard, version 3.0 (for General Mortality Registries)

Ad hoc data extraction by National Focal Point from General Mortality Registry for the 2006 Reitox National Report

Coverage is only Bucharest and few neighbouring counties.

Cases according to the EMCDDA definition for General Mortality Registries (“Selection B” for ICD-10 classification)

Deaths due to drug abuse; that means deaths happening during the time drugs is affecting the organism (accidental poisonings, intentional poisonings, poisonings of undetermined intent)

From 2002 onwards cases were obtained by linkage of four different databases: i) General Mortality Registry, ii) Police database, iii) First Treatment Demand database and iv) Toxicology Department at the Institute of Forensic Medicine

Ad-hoc data extraction from General Mortality Registry for Reitox National Focal Point

Information of the GMR is completed with Forensic and Toxicology data, with police data and with First Treatment Demand data

EMCDDA standard definition for Special Registries (“Selection D”)

“Selection D” is described in the protocol EMCDDA-DRD Standard, version 3.0 (for Special Registries)

Ad-hoc data extraction from the Special Registry